REGENERATIVE CACAO 4.0: NFT TOKEN AND SMART CONTRACT-BASED COFFEE-CACAO AGRIBUSINESS MODEL FOR GEN-Z FARMERS IN REJANG LEBONG, BENGKULU
Keywords:
Regenerative Agriculture, NFT Tokens, Smart Contracts, Blockchain, Coffee-Cacao AgribusinessAbstract
This study explores an innovative agribusiness model integrating blockchain technology, NFT tokens, and smart contracts to revolutionize coffee and cacao farming in Rejang Lebong, Bengkulu, Indonesia. The research addresses critical challenges facing young generation farmers including limited market access, price volatility, lack of transparency in supply chains, and insufficient access to financing. The proposed Regenerative Cacao 4.0 model leverages Web 3.0 technologies to create a decentralized, transparent, and sustainable agricultural ecosystem. Through a comprehensive literature review methodology, this study examines the convergence of regenerative agriculture practices, blockchain-based supply chain management, and digital financial instruments specifically designed for Gen-Z farmers. The model incorporates NFT-based crop certification, smart contract-automated transactions, tokenized asset ownership, and direct farmer-to-consumer connections. Results indicate significant potential for improving farmer income through elimination of intermediaries, enhanced traceability through immutable blockchain records, and increased access to capital through fractional ownership and DeFi mechanisms. The research also identifies implementation challenges including technological infrastructure limitations, digital literacy gaps, regulatory uncertainties, and initial capital requirements. The study concludes that blockchain-enabled agribusiness models represent a transformative opportunity for sustainable agriculture development, particularly in empowering young farmers and preserving traditional farming communities while meeting global sustainability standards
Downloads
References
El Mane, A., Chihab, Y., Tatane, K., & Korchiyne, R. (2022). Agriculture Supply Chain Management Based on Blockchain Architecture and Smart Contracts. Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing, 2022, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8011525
Ellahi, R. M., Wood, L. C., & Bekhit, A. E.-D. A. (2024). Blockchain-Driven Food Supply Chains: A Systematic Review for Unexplored Opportunities. Applied Sciences, 14(19), 8944. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14198944
Fernandez, R., Wulandari, S., Utami, R. S., & Ansiska, P. (2024). Recommendations for the Development of Coffee Plantations in Rejang Lebong Regency to Improve the Quality and Quantity of Production Results. International Journal of Sustainable Social Science (IJSSS), 2(2), 105–118. https://doi.org/10.59890/ijsss.v2i2.1630
Kamilaris, A., Fonts, A., & Prenafeta-Boldύ, F. X. (2019). The rise of blockchain technology in agriculture and food supply chains. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 91, 640–652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2019.07.034
Mane, A. El, Tatane, K., & Chihab, Y. (2024). Transforming agricultural supply chains: Leveraging blockchain-enabled java smart contracts and IoT integration. ICT Express, 10(3), 650–672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2024.03.007
Ordoñez, C. C., Gonzales, G. R., & Corrales, J. C. (2024). Blockchain and agricultural sustainability in South America: a systematic review. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2024.1347116
Rejeb, A., Keogh, J. G., Zailani, S., Treiblmaier, H., & Rejeb, K. (2020). Blockchain Technology in the Food Industry: A Review of Potentials, Challenges and Future Research Directions. Logistics, 4(4), 27. https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics4040027
Ronaghi, M. H. (2021). A blockchain maturity model in agricultural supply chain. Information Processing in Agriculture, 8(3), 398–408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inpa.2020.10.004
Senci, M. (2025). Gold and Inflation: a Critical Examination of Wealth Preservation by Investing in Gold. In International Scientific Days 2024. “From Field to Finance: Addressing Economic Challenges”. Conference Proceedings. May 16 – 17, 2024. Nitra, Slovak Republic (pp. 395–402). Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Slovakia. https://doi.org/10.15414/2024.9788055228167.395-402
Shao, D., & Marwa, N. (2024). Blockchain-enabled smart contracts for enhancing seed certification transparency: A design science approach. Smart Agricultural Technology, 9, 100651. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atech.2024.100651
Tan, A., Gligor, D., & Ngah, A. (2020). Applying Blockchain for Halal food traceability. International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, 25(6), 947–964. https://doi.org/10.1080/13675567.2020.1825653
Vidadala, R. (2024). Reimagining Agroforestry: Climate-Resilient Landscapes for Regenerative Agriculture. In Agroforestry Solutions for Climate Change and Environmental Restoration (pp. 171–201). Springer Nature Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-5004-7_8
Yeo, M. L., & Keske, C. M. (2024). From profitability to trust: factors shaping digital agriculture adoption. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2024.1456991
Zhao, G., Liu, S., Lopez, C., Lu, H., Elgueta, S., Chen, H., & Boshkoska, B. M. (2019). Blockchain technology in agri-food value chain management: A synthesis of applications, challenges and future research directions. Computers in Industry, 109, 83–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2019.04.002
Zheng, Z., Xie, S., Dai, H. N., Chen, X., & Wang, H. (2018). Blockchain challenges and opportunities: a survey. International Journal of Web and Grid Services, 14(4), 352. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijwgs.2018.095647
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Eddy Silamat, Beinli Dwi Chandra, Murlena Murlena (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
